Boiler or heater



July 17, 1934. J. H. MILLS 1,967,038

BOILER OR HEATER Filed May 25, 1952 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR JOHN H. mus MMLJ m ATTORNEYS M 17, 1934. v J. H. MILLS 1,967,038

BOILER OR HEATER Filed May 25, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 m um I VENTOR H. MILLS y o g QMKTSJFORNEYS Jul 17, 1934. Mus 1,967,038

BOILER OR HEATER Filed May 25, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR JOHN H. MILLS Patented July 17, 1934 barren stars 'QFFECE 14 Claims.

Theinvention' relates to steam boilers or heaters of the sectional type in which a plurality or sections are secured tog-ether and hence the boiler or heater may be constructed for a Wide range of capacities merely by increasing the number of sections used. The sections are usually cast in whole or in part and the boiler or heater to be described'here'in isof the cast sectional type.

An object of the invention is to construct a boiler or heater of novel construction utilizing cast section's which are connected together so that any number of sections may be utilized to build boiler or heater'of' a desired capacity.

Another object is to devise a boiler or heater cast section which is of simple form'- so that it may be easily east and also affords a large heating" surface for contact with the gases of com bustion passing therethrough.

A still further object is a boiler section of novel construction which is adapted to be secured to other like sections to form a sectional type boiler ofa desired capacity, which sections are" cast in two or more parts and the parts secured together to form. the ca t section.

Another object is toconstru'ct asectional boiler having a maximum amount of direct heating sun face which heating surface absorbs a maximum amount of heat from the hot gases of combus tion from the furnace.

Otherob'jectsof the'inve'ntion will be moreap parent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings;- in which:

Figure 1 is a" partial plan view a partial line 1--l of Figure 3; whereby one portion of the figure shows a top i'liewo'f the boiler amr the other portion is a section taken through the boiler below the's'team dome.

Figure 2 is-a cross=section heater taken on line the details of constructiom of one of' the secti'ons'.

Figure 3 is a partialsection taken on line 3 -3 of Figure 1 showing jacent sections are'connected together at 'tlie'b'ase interconnected Of' thboile'i the outer wall removed to show the sections-' nested together: H

Figure 4' is" a petrified longitudinal SlfiOh" themanner' in which ad-' of the boiler 01 Heater to 'forni sections and also" showing a part side elevationwith through the boiler, and'particularly' th'foiilghone" entire-sections of" thebo'il'er", showing a" modified iorrn o'r" s ctionzv Figure 5" a partial longitudinal section two planes, as" shown by thethrough the boiler or' 2 of Figure 3 and" Shows (01.- Lee-22's) through another form of section consisting of three parts, the header, the steam dome and the base, all secured together to form the entire section.

Figure 6 is a side View of the modified type of section of Figure 5.

In a sectional steam boiler or heater, the main problem is to provide a free flow of the gases of combustion through the boiler or heater and yet so construct the sections that the hot gases C of combustioncome into contact with the maximumheating surface of the boiler. The above result must also be accomplished with a form of section which is" not impossible to cast and, from the standpoint of practicability, should not be so complex in its design that it is di'i'ficult to cast. The sections? must also be formed so that they can be easily and quickly secured together to form the boiler and so that the boiler will not leak. at the points" where the sections are joined or connected together. In the sectional steam boiler or heater to be described herein, acoustru'ction of section has been devised which is simple to' cast and is also easily assembled to form a water and steam tight boiler or heater made up" of a plurality of sections assembled together'. V

The boiler orhe'ater consists of a plurality of sections, each" section colip'rising a header 10, a steam some Il'and a base 12. The sections are assembledtcgether side by side to form the boiler or heater and end section 13 may be provided upon each end of the plurality of assembled sect'iohs'; The end sections 13 form end closing sections and also generate "team or hot water. The entire boiler or plurality of sections are sur rounded by'furnace or boiler walls 14. All of the sections are connected together by acon structio-n' which will'b'e describedand' all of the sections are secured or anchored together to form a boiler or heater unit.

The section of the boiler or heater is cast preferably with the header 10', the b'ase 1'2 and the steam dome" l l in integral and" the top for the boiler and some passage must be provided to bring the gases to the top surfaces of the steam dome and thereby make these surfaces useful as heat transmitters to the water or steam in the dome. These passages also provide additional contact for the hot gases with the boiler wall and thereby increase the efiiciency thereof. The channels in each steam dome preferably come together to form a larger passage, but they may be spaced from each other as desired. The passages need not be channels 18 but may be openings directly through the steam dome. The channel construction is preferred because of the greater ease in casting.

Each steam dome 11 carries an inwardlydirected boss 19 upon the opposite sides thereof which contact with the steam dome of adjacent sections. The boss 19 has a tapering opening therethrough to receive a slip nipple 20 which is adapted to make a water and steam tight connection between the steam domes or" the adjacent sections. These bosses are provided upon opposite sides of the steam dome which sides contact with each other in forming the boiler or heater so that a simple and direct connection is made between steam domes, which connections are tightened by the tie rods which hold the sections together, as will be described.

The header 10 has a plurality of horizontally extending tubes 22. These tubes are closed at the outer end and connect at their inner end with the header 10. The tubes 22 preferably taper outwardly so that circulation of water and steam therein will take place in a manner to be described and the tubes preferably are oval in cross-section as shown in Figure 3. The long axis of the oval is horizontally disposed. Each tube 22 has a partition 23 cast integral with the tube and extending horizontally into the tube dividing it in half throughout the major portion of its length. The partition 23 ends at a point spaced from the outer end of the tube so that the lower portion of the tube below the partition 23 is connected with the upper portion of the tube at the outer end of the tube. The partitions 23 also extend inwardly into the header l0 and beyond the inner ends of the tubes 22. The tubes 22 extend outwardly from the header 10 in the same direction as the steam dome 11 and lie immediately underneath the steam dome. The tubes are shown as being shorter than the steam dome, although they may be approximately as long if desired.

The base 12 is cast integral with the header 10 and is in direct communication therewith. Each base carries an outwardly extending boss 26 and has a taper opening therethrough as shown in the section in Figure 3. A taper slip nipple 27 having a passage therethrough is received in the taper opening in the bosses 26 and the nipple forms a water and steam tight seal between adjacent bases of alternate sections as will appear more fully hereinafter.

The sections are assembled together so that alternate or adjacent sections have their headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and have their respective steam domes and tubes extending in opposite directions. The tubes 22 of alternate sections as well as the steam domes 11 are parallel with respect to each other and the side walls of the steam domes 11 of adjacent sections are also in contact with each other. The tubes 22 of the sections having headers disposed on one side of the boiler are staggered with respect to the tubes carried by the headers disposed on the other side of the boiler so that the tubes 22 of one section will come opposite the space between the tubes 22 of the adjacent sections and will project somewhat into the space between the adjacent tubes. This is accomplished by making the horizontal cross-sectional dimension of the oval tubes 22 greater than the width of the headers 10. It will be observed that by this construction the steam domes ll of adjacent sections are in contact with each other to form a continuous roof or top for the boiler or heater and that the headers 10 of alternate sections are adjacent to each other but spaced from each other a distance cor responding to the width of a section. This construction permits the hot gases of combustion to contact with the sides of each header which increases the area of boiler surface which comes in contact with the gases.

The sections are held together by tie rods 30 which extend through all of the sections and are disposed on either side and adjacent to the bosses 19 in the steam dome. Two additional tie rods 31 extend through all of the sections on the outer corner of the bases to draw the bottom portions of the sections together and secure them together into a unit boiler. Tightening of the tie rods 31 also makes a water and steam tight seal between the slip joints 26, 27 in the bases 12.

In the modified construction shown in Figure 4, the base, header and tubes are constructed in the same manner as the base, header and tubes of the construction of Figures 1 through 3. The steam dome 35 of the construction of Figure 4, however, has a horizontal passage 36 extending through the steam dome. Channels 37 are also provided extending from the under side of the steam dome 35 to the horizontal passage 36. The gases of combustion therefore pass upward through the passages formed by the channels 37 into the horizontal passage 36 and through the horizontally extending passages of the other sections to the end of the boiler or heater to the flue or stack. In this construction the gases of combustion are brought into further contact with heating surfaces of the boiler and thereby increase the efficiency thereof by this increased heating surface. The gases of combustion could be passed over the top of the sections by providing a space above the sections as in the con struction shown in Figures 1 through 3. The heating surface of the boiler in contact with the gases of combustion would be further increased if this should be found desirable.

In the construction shown in Figures 5 and 6, the section is divided into three parts, the header 40, the steam dome 41 and the base 42. These portions are provided with flanges 43 and bolts 44 by means of which the sections are bolted together. The flanges, of course, will have gaskets therebetween in order to form a water and steam tight joint. The portions, consisting of the header 40, the steam dome 41 and the base 42, are cast as in the other constructions described. The steam dome 41 is also provided with the channels 46 for the passage of combustion gases therethrough to the top of the boiler and the connections 47 in the sides of the steam dome are also provided for establishing connection be tween the steam domes of adjacent sections. These details of construction have been described in detail with respect to the boiler or heater shown in Figures 1 through 3.

The header 40, instead of being provided with integral cast tubes extending outwardly therefrom, is provided with bent U tubes 48. The

tubes 48 may be fastened within the header 40 in any known way, such as by ferrules (not shown), or by welding them in the opening of a boss 49 provided in the header to form a water and steam tight seal between the ends of the U tube and the header. A plurality of these U tubes are disposed in a vertical series in the header to, The U tubes 48 extend outwardly from the header in a horizontal direction and in the same direction as the steam dome and immecbately therebeneath. The tubes 48 may extend outwardly practically as far as the end of the steam dome, orthey may be shorter and not extend outwardly this far as shown in the drawings. The bent U tubes provide a circulation of the water therein from the bottom tube around the bend to the upper portion of the U of the tube so that steam will issue from the end or" the upper portion of the U tube and water will enter at the lower portion. It is for this reason that the sides of the U tube taper with respect to each other to form a natural upward circulation of steam and water.

The base 42 of the section has outwardly extending bosses 52, as in the construction shown in Figures 1 through 3, to receive a slip joint 53 for establishing a water and steam tight connection between adjacent bases of alternate sec tions. The sections shown in Figures 5 and 6 are positioned in the same manner as the sections shown in Figures 1 through 4 with the headers 40 of adjacent sections upon opposite sides of the boiler, with the steam domes 41 of adjacent sections contacting with each other and the tubes i8 extending inwardly or centrally with respect to the headers. In this modified construction of section the castings are exceedingly simple and yet the contacting faces or surfaces of each portion of the section have a relatively small cross-section which assures a water and steam tight seal between the portions when they are bolted together. The small area of the surfaces or faces will not warp and are easily machined to provide a flat surface which gives assurance of a steam and water tight joint therebetween. In this type of construction too, the header construction is simplified in that separate U bent tubes are secured to the header and the tubes are not cast integral therewith as in the other constructions.

The header so may have flanges 43 at the top and bottom at a slight angle to each other to form a wedging seat between the steam dome 41 and the base 42. Such a wedging seat enables each header and its tubes to be pulled out of its position between the other headers and from between the steam dome 41 and base 42 in a lateral direction and the gaskets between the flanges 43 are not mutilated in the withdrawal of the section. The sections may have to be removed to replace damaged or burned tubes or tubes which are leaking at the point of connection with the header J) at the bosses 49.

Various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in the configuration, composition and disposition of the component elements going to make up the invention as a whole, as well as in the selective combination or application of the respective elements, and no limitation is intended by the phraseology of the foregoing description or illustrations in the accompanying drawings, except as indicated in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, means ex tending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together atthe base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

2. A sectional steam boiler or heater COHIDIIaing a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallei arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, means extending between adjacent sides or" adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means, I

3. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of cast sections, each section having a vertical and integrally cast header and a horizontal and integrally cast steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direc-- tion as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting adjacent sides of steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

4. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of cast sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, interconnected horizontal passages in the steam domes for flue gases, a vertical passage in the steam dome extending from the lower side thereof to the horizontal passage, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

5. A sectional steam boiler or heater ccniprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, cast tapering tubes extending outwardly from .and integral with the header and extending in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes inv adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

6. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, cast tapering tubes extending outwardly from and integral with the header and extending in the same direction as the dome, cast integral partitions within the tubes extending horizontally thereof to a point spaced from the outer end thereof, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

7. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passage in the steam domes for flue gases, hollow bosses projecting outwardly from the adjacent sides of adjacent headers into the spaces therebetween and connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

8. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, U-shaped tubes welded into the header extending outwardly therefrom and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

9. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header, a cast steam dome secured to the header and extending outwardly in a horizontal direction therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for fine gases, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

10. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam domes for flue gases, a cast base for each header secured to the bottom thereof, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent bases connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

11. A sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a vertical header, a cast steam dome secured to the header and extending outwardly in a horizontal direction therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, adjacent sections being positioned with headers upon opposite sides of the boiler and with the tubes in adjacent parallel arrangement, the steam domes of adjacent sections being in contact with each other, passages in the steam dom s for flue gases, a cast base for each header secured to the bottom thereof, means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent bases connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof, means connecting contacting sides of adjacent steam domes together, and means securing the sections together and sealing the connecting means.

12. A section for a sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a section member, each section member having a vertical header and a horizontal steam dome extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, passages in the steam dome for flue gases, an outwardly projecting boss on opposite sides of each header whereby adjacent headers may be connected together at the base thereof, and an inwardly extending boss in opposite sides of the steam dome whereby adjacent steam domes may be connected together.

13. A section for a sectional steam boiler or heater comprising a section member, each section member having a vertical header, a horizontal steam dome secured to the upper end of the header and extending outwardly therefrom, tubes extending outwardly from the header and in the same direction as the dome, passages in the steam dome for flue gases, a base secured to the header at the bottom thereof, an outwardly projecting boss extending from opposite sides of the base whereby adjacent headers may be connected together at the base thereof, and an inwardly projecting boss in opposite sides of the steam dome whereby adjacent steam domes may be connected together.

the boiler having their tubes in the same horizontal plane and in staggered relation with the tubes from the headers upon the other side of the boiler, a steam dome connecting the tops of the headers together, and means extending between adjacent sides of adjacent headers upon the same side of the boiler connecting the adjacent headers together at the base thereof.

JOHN H. MILLS. 

